Question 1

Egoism's ultimate goal is to

Accepted Answer

A)  contribute to another's welfare.
B)  contribute to one's own welfare as well as another's welfare.
C)  contribute to one's own welfare.
D)  contribute to the welfare of next of kin.E) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 2

The mood-enhancing effects of altruism appear to be the result of

Accepted Answer

A)  genetic predispositions.
B)  informational influence.
C)  socialization.
D)  evolutionary processes.E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 3

The idea that evolution has selected altruism toward one's close relatives to enhance the survival of mutually shared genes is referred to as

Accepted Answer

A)  evolutionary kinship.
B)  altruistic selection.
C)  kin selection.
D)  self-serving helpfulness.E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 4

Experiments have induced guilt by having people deliver shock,lie,cheat,or destroy property.Such studies consistently show that people who feel guilty

Accepted Answer

A)  typically displace their frustration by justifying others' suffering.
B)  are more likely to help an undeserving person than an innocent victim.
C)  will do whatever they can to expunge the guilt and restore their self-esteem.
D)  tend to be distracted and thus are less likely to notice others' need for help.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 5

Nell is exhausted but gets up in the middle of the night to pick up her crying infant.This altruistic behaviour is best explained by

Accepted Answer

A)  parental altruism
B)  social altruism
C)  kin altruism
D)  evolutionary altruismE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 6

What we can learn from research suggesting that "service learning" and volunteer programs woven into a school curriculum have been shown to later increase social responsibility and cooperation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Attitudes follow behaviour
B)  Behaviour follows attitudes
C)  The importance of the peripheral routes to persuasion
D)  The importance of the central routes to persuasionE) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 7

Someone who wants to teach children to behave altruistically should

Accepted Answer

A)  bribe them to behave in a helpful way.
B)  notice and punish the children's unhelpful behaviour.
C)  force the children to assist another person.
D)  help the children to see themselves as helpful,giving people.E) A) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 8

The social-responsibility norm refers to the expectation that

Accepted Answer

A)  people will help when necessary in order to receive help themselves later.
B)  leaders should help more than regular group members.
C)  people will help those dependent upon them.
D)  to receive help,people have a responsibility to ask for it.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 9

According to your text,labelling someone as a helpful person will

Accepted Answer

A)  strengthen their helpful self-image and make them more likely to help in the future.
B)  make them more aware of their behaviour and restrict their helping behaviour.
C)  be associated with positive emotions which decreases helpfulness in emergencies.
D)  make them self-conscious about helping and decrease helpfulness.E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 10

In a study by McMillen and Austin,participants were induced to feel guilty by denying that they had been tipped off by an accomplice about how to answer test questions.After the test,the experimenter asked participants if they had any spare time to volunteer.Results showed that

Accepted Answer

A)  guilty participants wanted to leave immediately.
B)  guilty participants volunteered significantly more time than non-guilty participants did.
C)  non-guilty participants volunteered significantly more time than guilty participants did.
D)  guilty participants agreed to stay but distraction over their guilt feelings kept them from performing the task adequately.E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 11

Research has shown that most primates will refuse to operate a device that gains them food,if it would cause another monkey to receive an electric shock.This is an example of which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  egoism
B)  guilt
C)  empathy
D)  social responsibility normE) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 12

Sarah,a university student who studies psychology,is most likely to help which of the following individuals?

Accepted Answer

A)  Bill,a 60-year old politician.
B)  Jane,a 14-year-old high-school drop-out.
C)  Sarah,a 45-year old nurse.
D)  Paul,a 24-year old construction worker.E) A) and B)
F) A) and D)

Question 13

Batson and his colleagues had university women watch another woman suffer a series of painful shocks.Some participants were led to feel empathy for her and were then asked if they would trade places,taking her remaining shocks.The results indicated that

Accepted Answer

A)  most participants agreed to help but only if they knew they would otherwise continue to see her suffer.
B)  most participants agreed to help even if they knew that their part in the experiment was complete and that they would no longer have to see her suffer.
C)  most participants downplayed the victim's suffering or convinced themselves that she deserved to be shocked.
D)  most participants refused to trade places but expressed sympathy and sought compensation for the victim from the experimenters.E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 14

Jesus' parable of the Good Samaritan provides the classic illustration of

Accepted Answer

A)  altruism.
B)  persuasion.
C)  conformity.
D)  social loafing.E) All of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 15

When faced with potentially dangerous situations in which strangers need help,men more often help.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

On a larger scale,service learning and volunteer programs woven into a school curriculum have been shown to

Accepted Answer

A)  decrease later citizen involvement,social responsibility,cooperation,and leadership.
B)  reduce the self-perception that one is caring and helpful,which in turn promotes further helping.
C)  contributing to a negative self-concept
D)  promote the self-perception that one is caring and helpful,which in turn promotes further helping.E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 17

According to Latané and Darley,people's failure to intervene in cases like that of Kitty Genovese could be explained due to

Accepted Answer

A)  a situational influence.
B)  a personality trait.
C)  a mood factor.
D)  selfish genes.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 18

Sylvain has just started to attend a very large university.Walking across campus one day he sees a young man trying to carry too many heavy books.According to your text,Sylvain is most likely to help if

Accepted Answer

A)  the man looks like another student rather than a professor.
B)  the man is very attractive.
C)  Sylvain is late for class.
D)  the man is Sylvain's new next-door neighbour.E) A) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 19

A stranger has collapsed on a city sidewalk due to a heart attack.According to Darley and Latané,what is the first thing that must happen before you will help in this emergency?

Accepted Answer

A)  You must recognize the event as life-threatening.
B)  You must assume responsibility for helping.
C)  You must notice the stranger.
D)  You must make sure the victim is alone and truly in need of help.E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 20

Moira just won a school lottery fund for $4,000.She is thrilled and is trying to figure out how to spend her money.Which of the following options would be associated with the greatest feelings of happiness and internal reward for Moira?

Accepted Answer

A)  She goes on a shopping spree and spends the money on things she could never afford to buy otherwise.
B)  She goes on a shopping spree and buys her mother a new bed because she knows how badly her mother needs one.
C)  She goes on a shopping spree and spends her money on a bunch of items that she really needs.
D)  She takes the money to the bank and deposits it into her savings account,so that she is responsible with her money.E) C) and D)
F) All of the above

Exam 8: Altruism: Helping Others

According to Latané and Darley,people's failure to intervene in cases like that of Kitty Genovese could be explained due to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Batson and his colleagues had university women watch another woman suffer a series of painful shocks.Some participants were led to feel empathy for her and were then asked if they would trade places,taking her remaining shocks.The results indicated that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Jesus' parable of the Good Samaritan provides the classic illustration of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Moira just won a school lottery fund for $4,000.She is thrilled and is trying to figure out how to spend her money.Which of the following options would be associated with the greatest feelings of happiness and internal reward for Moira?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The mood-enhancing effects of altruism appear to be the result of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In a study by McMillen and Austin,participants were induced to feel guilty by denying that they had been tipped off by an accomplice about how to answer test questions.After the test,the experimenter asked participants if they had any spare time to volunteer.Results showed that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Research has shown that most primates will refuse to operate a device that gains them food,if it would cause another monkey to receive an electric shock.This is an example of which of the following?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The social-responsibility norm refers to the expectation that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What we can learn from research suggesting that "service learning" and volunteer programs woven into a school curriculum have been shown to later increase social responsibility and cooperation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A stranger has collapsed on a city sidewalk due to a heart attack.According to Darley and Latané,what is the first thing that must happen before you will help in this emergency?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The idea that evolution has selected altruism toward one's close relatives to enhance the survival of mutually shared genes is referred to as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to your text,labelling someone as a helpful person will

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Egoism's ultimate goal is to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Nell is exhausted but gets up in the middle of the night to pick up her crying infant.This altruistic behaviour is best explained by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Sylvain has just started to attend a very large university.Walking across campus one day he sees a young man trying to carry too many heavy books.According to your text,Sylvain is most likely to help if

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When faced with potentially dangerous situations in which strangers need help,men more often help.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Someone who wants to teach children to behave altruistically should

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Experiments have induced guilt by having people deliver shock,lie,cheat,or destroy property.Such studies consistently show that people who feel guilty

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Sarah,a university student who studies psychology,is most likely to help which of the following individuals?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

On a larger scale,service learning and volunteer programs woven into a school curriculum have been shown to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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