Question 1

Deep soils are characteristic of tropical regions whereas thin rocky soils are characteristic of high latitudes. This is a natural demonstration that______ .

Accepted Answer

A)   humans living at high latitudes have destroyed the soils by bad farming practices
B)   chemical wreathing rates are much higher in the tropics than high latitudes
C)   physical weathering and erosion rates are higher at high latitude, removing soil faster than it can form
D)   all of the high latitude regions lost their soil in recent timesE) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 2

______and______ generally involve movement of unconsolidated or weakly consolidated soil and regolith.

Accepted Answer

A)   Earthflows; slumps
B)   Debris flows; rockslides
C)   Creep; rockfalls
D)   Rockfalls; slumpsE) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 3

Landslides commonly occur when hurricanes hit steep terrain. Why?

Accepted Answer

A)   The correlation with hurricanes is coincidental.
B)   The high winds produce a shear stress on the slopes, triggering mass movements.
C)   Heavy rain from the tropical system can saturate slopes, triggering mass wasting events like mudslides.
D)   The high winds uproot trees, weakening the slope and inducing mass wasting.E) B) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 4

Consider a weathered rock or soil particle lying on a slope. How will the gravitational force pulling the particle downward along the land surface vary with the inclination of the slope?

Accepted Answer

A)   It is not affected by the slope angle.
B)   It will increase as the slope angle is lessened.
C)   It will decrease as the slope angle is lessened.
D)   It will possibly increase or decrease as slope angle is lessened, depending upon other factors.E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 5

According to your textbook, soil is an interface between Earth's spheres, and all life owes its existence to soil. Explain why soil is considered to be so important.

Accepted Answer

Soil is composed of both organic and ino...

Question 6

Quartz weathers readily to______ minerals.

Accepted Answer

A)   sulfurouos
B)   silicate
C)   aluminum- rich clay
D)   ferromagnsianE) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 7

As an erosional process, how is mass wasting unique compared to wind, water, and ice?

Accepted Answer

A)   Mass wasting does not require a transporting medium.
B)   Mass wasting affects particles of all sizes whereas the others affect only smaller particles.
C)   Mass wasting affects much larger geographic areas than does wind, water, and ice.
D)   All of the above make mass wasting unique compared to wind, water, and ice.E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 8

Which statement best describes slumping, a mass wasting process?

Accepted Answer

A)   A mass of soil or regolith becomes saturated with water and suddenly flows downhill to the base of the slope.
B)   Blocks of hard bedrock rapidly slide downhill along fracture surfaces.
C)   A block or blocks of unconsolidated regolith slide downhill along a curved slip surface.
D)   The soil and regolith move downhill very slowly.E) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 9

A rancher overgrazes his land in an area underlain by heavy clay soils and regolith developed from weathering of claystone. After a series of heavy rains small creeks develop deep gullies along their length. A light steady rain develops and continues for several days. What should the rancher be concerned about on his overgrazed lands?

Accepted Answer

A)   increasing gully development because of the rain
B)   slumps along the creeks
C)   rock avalanche
D)   lahars filling cascading down his creeks, wiping out his cattleE) None of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 10

Which of the following mass movements is most likely to occur in a geologic setting where the rock strata are inclined?

Accepted Answer

A)   rockslide
B)   debris flow
C)   creep
D)   slumpE) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 11

The longer a soil has been forming, the______ it becomes.

Accepted Answer

A)   thicker
B)   more fine grained
C)   darker
D)   less weatheredE) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 12

Very fine- grained______ particles account for nearly all red, yellow, and brown soil colors.

Accepted Answer

A)   iron oxide
B)   carbonate
C)   sulfurous
D)   silicateE) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 13

Water runoff is a major factor in soil erosion, what is a common land use practice on slopes to minimize soil erosion?

Accepted Answer

A)   planting row crops with rows running downhill, to minimize channelization of flow
B)   planting trees
C)   adding a rock mulch layer to slow water runoff
D)   terracing slopes to stop downslope runoff and rill formationE) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 14

In the late 1950's the Hebgen Lake earthquake outside of Yellowstone triggered a mass wasting event. The landslide originated on steep mountains slopes where rocks slid off a surface and descended to the valley floor in a few seconds, burying a campground and many people staying there. This type of landslide would be called ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   a rockslide
B)   a mudflow
C)   an earthflow
D)   a slumpE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 15

Features like rock ledges in badlands or rock fins standing above adjacent valleys are all examples of ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   river erosion
B)   glacial erosion
C)   differential weathering
D)   chemical weatheringE) A) and B)
F) A) and D)

Question 16

Centuries ago quarrymen learned that when quarrying granite it was usually easiest to break the rock along a nearly horizontal surface. We now know this arises because ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   chemical weathering of granite makes the material expand, pulling it away from the underlying rock
B)   uplift and exhumation of granites produces an unloading, which produces sheeting joints like the quarrymen used
C)   frost wedging for hundreds of thousands to millions of years have produced cracks parallel to the ground surface
D)   it was a false observation; the quarrymen in those days couldn't measure resistance, and it just seemed easier to wedge blocks of this typeE) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

Question 17

Unconsolidated, granular materials such as gravel and sand will support maximum slope angles of about 33 to 35 degrees. What is the name for this maximum slope angle?

Accepted Answer

A)   angle of repose
B)   inclination
C)   vertical ascension
D)   gravity fluxE) C) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 18

Examine the words and/or phrases below and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the option that does not fit the pattern.

Accepted Answer

A)   frost wedging
B)   sheeting
C)   mass wasting
D)   oxidationE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 19

______denotes the downslope movement of soils and regolith.

Accepted Answer

A)   Trigger
B)   Slope
C)   Gravity
D)   Mass wastingE) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 20

Fill in the blanks on the diagram below with the names of the soil "layers" that are labeled.

Accepted Answer

a. O horizon b. A ho...

Exam 8: Weathering, Soil, and Mass Movement

Centuries ago quarrymen learned that when quarrying granite it was usually easiest to break the rock along a nearly horizontal surface. We now know this arises because ______.

Correct Answer
verified

Very fine- grained______ particles account for nearly all red, yellow, and brown soil colors.

Correct Answer
verified

Which statement best describes slumping, a mass wasting process?

Correct Answer
verified

Fill in the blanks on the diagram below with the names of the soil "layers" that are labeled.

Correct Answer
verified
a. O horizon b. A ho...
View Answer

As an erosional process, how is mass wasting unique compared to wind, water, and ice?

Correct Answer
verified

Water runoff is a major factor in soil erosion, what is a common land use practice on slopes to minimize soil erosion?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

______denotes the downslope movement of soils and regolith.

Correct Answer
verified

The longer a soil has been forming, the______ it becomes.

Correct Answer
verified

According to your textbook, soil is an interface between Earth's spheres, and all life owes its existence to soil. Explain why soil is considered to be so important.

Correct Answer
verified
Soil is composed of both organic and ino...
View Answer

Features like rock ledges in badlands or rock fins standing above adjacent valleys are all examples of ______.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

and generally involve movement of unconsolidated or weakly consolidated soil and regolith.

Correct Answer
verified

Consider a weathered rock or soil particle lying on a slope. How will the gravitational force pulling the particle downward along the land surface vary with the inclination of the slope?

Correct Answer
verified

Quartz weathers readily to______ minerals.

Correct Answer
verified

Examine the words and/or phrases below and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the option that does not fit the pattern.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following mass movements is most likely to occur in a geologic setting where the rock strata are inclined?

Correct Answer
verified

Deep soils are characteristic of tropical regions whereas thin rocky soils are characteristic of high latitudes. This is a natural demonstration that______ .

Correct Answer
verified

Unconsolidated, granular materials such as gravel and sand will support maximum slope angles of about 33 to 35 degrees. What is the name for this maximum slope angle?

Correct Answer
verified

Landslides commonly occur when hurricanes hit steep terrain. Why?

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 8: Weathering, Soil, and Mass Movement

Centuries ago quarrymen learned that when quarrying granite it was usually easiest to break the rock along a nearly horizontal surface. We now know this arises because ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Very fine- grained______ particles account for nearly all red, yellow, and brown soil colors.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which statement best describes slumping, a mass wasting process?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Fill in the blanks on the diagram below with the names of the soil "layers" that are labeled.

Correct Answerverifieda. O horizon b. A ho...View AnswerShow Answer

As an erosional process, how is mass wasting unique compared to wind, water, and ice?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Water runoff is a major factor in soil erosion, what is a common land use practice on slopes to minimize soil erosion?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

______denotes the downslope movement of soils and regolith.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The longer a soil has been forming, the______ it becomes.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to your textbook, soil is an interface between Earth's spheres, and all life owes its existence to soil. Explain why soil is considered to be so important.

Correct AnswerverifiedSoil is composed of both organic and ino...View AnswerShow Answer

Features like rock ledges in badlands or rock fins standing above adjacent valleys are all examples of ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

______and______ generally involve movement of unconsolidated or weakly consolidated soil and regolith.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Consider a weathered rock or soil particle lying on a slope. How will the gravitational force pulling the particle downward along the land surface vary with the inclination of the slope?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Quartz weathers readily to______ minerals.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Examine the words and/or phrases below and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the option that does not fit the pattern.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following mass movements is most likely to occur in a geologic setting where the rock strata are inclined?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Deep soils are characteristic of tropical regions whereas thin rocky soils are characteristic of high latitudes. This is a natural demonstration that______ .

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Unconsolidated, granular materials such as gravel and sand will support maximum slope angles of about 33 to 35 degrees. What is the name for this maximum slope angle?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Landslides commonly occur when hurricanes hit steep terrain. Why?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
a. O horizon b. A ho...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
Soil is composed of both organic and ino...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

and generally involve movement of unconsolidated or weakly consolidated soil and regolith.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified