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Exam 33: An Introduction to Invertebrates

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Question 31

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Nematode worms and annelid worms share which of the following features?

A) use of fluid in the body cavity as a hydrostatic skeleton
B) ecdysis
C) presence of a circulatory system
D) presence of segmentation
E) absence of species with parasitic lifestyles

F) A) and D)
G) None of the above

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Question 32

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How many of the following can be observed in the mesohyl of various undisturbed sponges at one time or another? 1) amoebocytes 2) spicules 3) spongin 4) zygotes 5) choanocytes

A) one of these
B) two of these
C) three of these
D) four of these
E) five of these

F) All of the above
G) A) and E)

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Question 33

Multiple Choice

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The organ(s) of respiratory gas exchange in oligochaetes is (are)

A land snail,a clam,and an octopus all share

How many of the following are characteristics of at least some members of the phylum Cnidaria? 1) a gastrovascular cavity 2) a polyp stage 3) a medusa stage 4) cnidocytes 5) a pseudocoelom

Infection with which parasite might cause excessive elasticity in human skeletal muscles?

The excretory organs of annelids are

Healthy corals are brightly coloured because they

Protostome pattern of development differs from deuterostome in cleavage,gastrulation,and coelom formation.What both patterns of development have in common is the evolution of bilateral symmetry and a body cavity lined with mesoderm.Most of protostome evolution took place in oceans and there are many lineages of protostomes exhibiting diverse body forms. -Protostome evolution is characterized by several innovations,with the exception of

If nudibranch rhinophores are located at the anteriors of these sea slugs,then they contribute to the sea slugs'

Use the following information to answer the questions below. This nudibranch,a type of sea slug,has many reddish cerata on its dorsal surface,as well as two,white-tipped rhinophores located on the head. The nontaxonomic term sea slug encompasses a wide variety of marine gastropods.One feature they share as adults is the lack of a shell.We might think,therefore,that they represent defenceless morsels for predators.In fact,sea slugs have multiple defences.Some sea slugs prey on sponges and concentrate sponge toxins in their tissues.Others feed on cnidarians,digesting everything except the nematocysts,which they then transfer to their own skins.Whereas the most brightly coloured sea slugs are often highly toxic,others are nontoxic and mimic the colouration of the toxic species.Their colours are mostly derived from pigments in their prey.There are also sea slugs that use their colouration to blend into their environments. -Which structure do sea slugs use to feed on their prey?

Which of the following is found only among annelids?

A radula is present in members of which clade(s) ?

Use the following information to answer the questions below. Nudibranchs,a type of predatory sea slug,can have various protuberances (i.e.,extensions) on their dorsal surfaces.Rhinophores are paired structures,located close to the head,which bear many chemoreceptors.Dorsal plummules,usually located posteriorly,perform respiratory gas exchange.Cerata usually cover much of the dorsal surface and contain nematocysts at their tips. -The lateral flaps of planaria heads have a function most similar to that of

Use the following information to answer the questions below. Nudibranchs,a type of predatory sea slug,can have various protuberances (i.e.,extensions) on their dorsal surfaces.Rhinophores are paired structures,located close to the head,which bear many chemoreceptors.Dorsal plummules,usually located posteriorly,perform respiratory gas exchange.Cerata usually cover much of the dorsal surface and contain nematocysts at their tips. -The claws on the foremost trunk segment of centipedes have a function most similar to that of

If the dinoflagellate-containing sea slug P.ianthina otherwise preys on coral animals,then it would be least surprising to find that

The sea slug Pteraeolidia ianthina can harbour living dinoflagellates (photosynthetic protists) in its skin.These endosymbiotic dinoflagellates reproduce quickly enough to maintain their populations.Low populations do not affect the sea slugs very much,but high populations (> 5 × 10⁵ cells/mg of sea slug protein) can promote sea slug survival. -If 100 000 sea slug cells together contain 1.0 mg of protein,then what is the minimum number of dinoflagellates per sea slug cell that constitutes a "high," and therefore beneficial,population?

A shared derived characteristic for members of the arthropod subgroup that includes spiders would be the presence of

Which of the following are entirely,or partly,composed of calcium carbonate?

The possession of two pairs of antennae is a characteristic of