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Type B personality is characterized by competitiveness,high ambition,hostility,and irritability.

A) True
B) False

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A conflict in which a person must choose between two undesirable routes to a goal or goals is called__________.


A) approach-avoidance
B) avoidance-avoidance
C) approach-approach
D) multiple approach-avoidance

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Jordan is very frustrated because another patron at the bar is talking to the woman with whom Jordan was just dancing.According to Berkowitz's reformulation of the frustration-aggression hypothesis,which of the following factors makes Jordan unlikely to lash out in a physically aggressive manner?


A) Jordan already has a criminal charge for assault.
B) The other man is much larger and stronger than Jordan.
C) The woman makes it clear that she is not interested in Jordan
D) Jordan is alone and has no friends to back him up.

E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

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Edgar is learning deep-breathing techniques to reduce anxiety about having been robbed at knifepoint.This is an example of__________________.


A) problem-focused coping
B) emotion-focused coping
C) avoidance
D) reappraisal

E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

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List four of the top ten major life changes that are at the top of the Social Readjustment Rating Scale.

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Kim is Vietnamese.Currently she is experiencing stress due to juggling many roles,such as taking care of her children,working full time,coping with financial difficulties,and attending night school.Kim's culture suggests which of the following to help cope with these many stressors?


A) consulting a fortune-teller
B) using biofeedback
C) exercising
D) engaging in a hobby

E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

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The Framingham Heart Study found that the risk of coronary heart disease ____________.


A) for women who work and are also Type A is four times that of Type B women who work
B) for women who work and are also Type A is no greater than that of Type B working women
C) is greater for Type B women who work than Type A women who work
D) is greater for Type A women who do not work than for Type B women who do work

E) None of the above
F) All of the above

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Membership in a religious organization and regular attendance at religious functions ________________.


A) can be a vital part of a person's social support system
B) will definitely extend one's life expectancy
C) are a psychological defense mechanism
D) promote one's cognitive abilities

E) B) and D)
F) C) and D)

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In a(n) __________conflict,a person must choose between two desirable goals.


A) approach-avoidance
B) avoidance-avoidance
C) approach-approach
D) double approach-avoidance

E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

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According to studies,people who are involved in a religion and attend services regularly are more likely to ________.


A) live a shorter life than are those who do not have religious beliefs
B) lack a social support system
C) live longer than do those who do not have religious beliefs
D) feel alone with their struggles

E) A) and D)
F) None of the above

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Professor Willoughby assigns his class a term paper that is to make up 30% of their final grade.The students are given clear guidelines about what is expected in this assignment,and are given two months to complete the assignment.Because students know that this paper is important but not the only thing upon which their grades will be based,this assignment would be likely to cause _____________.


A) frustration
B) distress
C) aggression
D) eustress

E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

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The coping method that involves changing the way you feel or emotionally react to a stressor is known as _________.


A) a defense mechanism
B) problem-focused coping
C) self-focused coping
D) emotion-focused coping

E) All of the above
F) A) and C)

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When thinking about GREs,applying to graduate school,and studying for mid-terms, Nichole starts to have sweaty palms and a racing heart.It is MOST probable that Nichole is responding to ________.


A) T cells
B) the pressure
C) stressors
D) lymphocytes

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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Levon has a Type B personality.Which of the following is most likely?


A) Levon is determined to achieve.
B) Levon is competitive.
C) Levon gets easily upset.
D) Levon is slow to anger.

E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

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People living under stressful conditions tend to get sick more often than they would otherwise.How do researchers in psychoneuroimmunology explain this phenomenon?


A) The stress response reduces immune system functioning,thus making us more vulnerable to diseases.
B) The stress response in the long run leads to a lowering of the heart rate,which makes the heart inefficient.
C) The stress response makes muscles stronger,which places a greater burden on the heart and respiratory systems.
D) The body tends to adapt to the constant call for the stress response and,thus,future responses are not as strong as before.

E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

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Min-Jee is currently very concerned about a recent increase in fighting among her family members.When talking with her therapist,she notes that this has been her biggest concern lately.According to the research into the severity of different hassles,which of the following statements is probably true about Min-Jee's age?


A) Min-Jee is 4 years old
B) Min-Jee is an adult
C) Min-Jee is an adolescent
D) Min-Jee is elderly

E) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

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Researchers have found an association between daily hassles and ___________.


A) colds and headaches
B) cancer and heart disease
C) hypertension and obesity
D) heart disease and schizophrenia

E) B) and D)
F) C) and D)

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Research by Teresa Amabile shows that time pressure has ________impact on one's ability to be creative.


A) no
B) a positive
C) a negative
D) some

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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According to Holmes and Rahe,a person who scores over 300 on the Social Readjustment Rating Scale is more likely than are people with lower scores to have what kind of experience in the near future?


A) more frequent changes of job
B) a divorce
C) commission of a crime
D) a higher chance of becoming ill or having an accident

E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

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Stress has been shown to put people at a higher risk for________.


A) unplanned pregnancy
B) heart attack and stroke
C) promotions at work
D) schizophrenia

E) All of the above
F) None of the above

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