Question 1

Chromosome condensation compacts the chromosomes so they can be efficiently separated at which phase of mitosis?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Chromosome condensation compacts the chromosomes so they...

Question 2

The domain Archaea was discovered in the mid-1970s. Despite the recent start to investigations of archaeal species, some general chromosome and genome characteristics are clear. Which of the following similarities have been found between archeae and bacteria?

Accepted Answer

A)  they have no nucleus
B)  they are haploid
C)  a high percentage of the genome encodes proteins
D)  many genes share promoters
E)  all of the aboveF) None of the above
G) A) and D)

Question 3

What is the name of the structure formed when the 10 nm fibers of chromatin form a cylindrical filament of coiled nucleosomes?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the name of the structure...

Question 4

Which histone protein is not part of the core nucleosome structure?

Accepted Answer

A)  H1
B)  H2A
C)  H2B
D)  H3
E)  H4F) A) and B)
G) D) and E)

Question 5

Nucleosome displacement during transcription initiation is referred to as what?

Accepted Answer

chromatin ...

Question 6

________ are extrachromosomal DNA molecules that are not part of the bacterial genome.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ________ are extrachromosomal DNA molecules that are...

Question 7

You have identified a chromosome that has both p and q arms, but notice that the p arms are composed of highly repetitive DNA. What type of chromosome is this?

Accepted Answer

A)  metacentric
B)  submetacentric
C)  acrocentric
D)  subacrocentric
E)  telocentricF) B) and D)
G) C) and D)

Question 8

The ability of DNA-binding proteins to initiate transcription can be hindered by the presence of ________ on the promoter regions of the DNA.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The ability of DNA-binding proteins to initiate...

Question 9

Where are bacterial chromosomes located within the cell?

Accepted Answer

A)  nucleus
B)  nucleoid
C)  nucleolus
D)  cytoplasm
E)  mitochondriaF) A) and D)
G) D) and E)

Question 10

What technique would you use to detect a target sequence in an intact chromosome using a labeled molecular probe?

Accepted Answer

A)  PCR
B)  in situ hybridization
C)  western blotting
D)  Sanger sequencing
E)  karyotypingF) C) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 11

What type of DNA supercoiling is the most common?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What type of DNA supercoiling is the...

Question 12

What type of chromosome structure is commonly found in hyperthermophiles?

Accepted Answer

positive s...

Question 13

What is meant by the "beads on a string" model of chromatin?

Accepted Answer

A)  The beads are the histones, and the string is the transcriptionally active DNA loops.
B)  The beads are the nucleosomes, and the string is the linker DNA.
C)  The beads are molecules of DNA polymerase that attach to the DNA string.
D)  The beads are ribosomes, and the string is the mRNA that has been transcribed from active chromatin.
E)  The beads are the heterochromatic regions that are tightly compacted, and the strings are euchromatic regions that are being actively transcribed.F) All of the above
G) C) and D)

Question 14

Each nucleus in a human somatic cell contains ________ chromosomes.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Each nucleus in a human somatic cell...

Question 15

What is the function of interchromosomal domains in gene transcription?

Accepted Answer

A)  These domains separate chromosome territories and are areas of active transcription.
B)  These domains act as regions for formation of chiasmata during crossing over.
C)  These domains act as gene-rich regions positioned toward the nuclear membrane to maximize gene transcription.
D)  These domains contain no chromatin and act as channels for the movement of proteins, RNAs, and enzymes among the chromosomal territories.
E)  These domains act as the regions of the chromosome recognized during meiosis when homologous chromosomes are matched up and aligned at the metaphase I plate.F) D) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 16

Viruses are not cellular; they lack most of the features belonging to a cell. They are particles consisting of __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  a protein structure with genetic material contained inside
B)  naked genetic material
C)  genetic material surrounded by a protective carbohydrate shell
D)  genetic material associated with additional proteins for viral replication
E)  both A and DF) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

Question 17

How many pairs of chromosomes are found in a typical human somatic cell's karyotype?

Accepted Answer

A)  0
B)  22
C)  23
D)  44
E)  46F) C) and E)
G) All of the above

Question 18

Which proteins participate in DNA bending and contribute to folding and condensation of the chromosome?

Accepted Answer

small nucl...

Question 19

You have isolated DNA from actively replicating cells. Where would you expect to find this DNA on a gel?

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA would be highly supercoiled and would be found in the band seen in the positive pole (bottom) of Lane 1.
B)  DNA would be predominantly relaxed and would be found in the band seen in the positive pole (bottom) of Lane 1.
C)  DNA would be highly supercoiled and would be found in the band seen in the negative pole (top) of Lane 1.
D)  DNA would be predominantly relaxed and would be found in the band seen in the negative pole (top) of Lane 1.
E)  DNA would be both relaxed and supercoiled, so it would appear in a pattern similar to Lane 2.F) A) and C)
G) D) and E)

Question 20

If heterochromatic spreading does not reach the new location of the w+ gene, and so the gene remains in the euchromatic region, what phenotype will the cells have?

Accepted Answer

Exam 11: Chromosome Structure

The ability of DNA-binding proteins to initiate transcription can be hindered by the presence of ________ on the promoter regions of the DNA.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The domain Archaea was discovered in the mid-1970s. Despite the recent start to investigations of archaeal species, some general chromosome and genome characteristics are clear. Which of the following similarities have been found between archeae and bacteria?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What type of DNA supercoiling is the most common?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How many pairs of chromosomes are found in a typical human somatic cell's karyotype?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Viruses are not cellular; they lack most of the features belonging to a cell. They are particles consisting of __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which proteins participate in DNA bending and contribute to folding and condensation of the chromosome?

Correct Answerverifiedsmall nucl...View AnswerShow Answer

________ are extrachromosomal DNA molecules that are not part of the bacterial genome.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is meant by the "beads on a string" model of chromatin?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If heterochromatic spreading does not reach the new location of the w+ gene, and so the gene remains in the euchromatic region, what phenotype will the cells have?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What type of chromosome structure is commonly found in hyperthermophiles?

Correct Answerverifiedpositive s...View AnswerShow Answer

Nucleosome displacement during transcription initiation is referred to as what?

Correct Answerverifiedchromatin ...View AnswerShow Answer

You have isolated DNA from actively replicating cells. Where would you expect to find this DNA on a gel?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What technique would you use to detect a target sequence in an intact chromosome using a labeled molecular probe?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the function of interchromosomal domains in gene transcription?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which histone protein is not part of the core nucleosome structure?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Each nucleus in a human somatic cell contains ________ chromosomes.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Chromosome condensation compacts the chromosomes so they can be efficiently separated at which phase of mitosis?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the name of the structure formed when the 10 nm fibers of chromatin form a cylindrical filament of coiled nucleosomes?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

You have identified a chromosome that has both p and q arms, but notice that the p arms are composed of highly repetitive DNA. What type of chromosome is this?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Where are bacterial chromosomes located within the cell?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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small nucl...
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If heterochromatic spreading does not reach the new location of the w⁺ gene, and so the gene remains in the euchromatic region, what phenotype will the cells have?

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positive s...
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chromatin ...
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